Ancient Egypt
The scale of ancient Egyptian history is overwhelming. Americans (North and South) wrestle with the consequences of five hundred years of invasion, conquest, and settlement. Europeans argue over what delineates different phases of their history (modern, the rise of the nation-state, phases of the Renaissance, medieval, post-Roman, and so on). Well, that gets you back only 1500 years. Classicists pride their discipline on another thousand years. Egyptians look on, bemused. They go back 6000 years without breathing hard. Ancient Egypt (a deep and long category, obviously) represents a civilization that still fascinates us. Think pharaohs, pyramids, mummies, hieroglyphs, the Sphinx, the Nile, "King Tut." Children and adults love such stuff. I debated with myself whether to be a purist on Ancient Egypt and end my listings with Alexander the Great's conquest and the great era of the Ptolemaic dynasty, but you would miss so much in those 275 years leading up to the pragmatic and unimaginative Romans building their empire on Egyptian grain. I wanted to include the Pharos lighthouse, Alexandria and its library, Cleopatra. So I did, and I will. This page, these offerings, like the rest of Whistlestop, will be carefully curated and vetted and supplemented as I find and list interesting items.
Egyptian Hieroglyphic Dictionary volume 1
Egyptian Hieroglyphic Dictionary volume 1
At last, an English dictionary of Egyptian hieroglyphics. This monumental work—long out of print, a very hard and rare book to find—was prepared by one of the foremost Egyptologists of the century. It contains nearly 28,000 words or terms that occur in hieroglyphic texts dating from the Third Dynasty through the Roman period, roughly from 3000 B.C. to 600 A.D. It is the only complete English dictionary available anywhere. For students, teachers, collectors, libraries, museums or anyone seriously interested in deciphering ancient Egyptian writings, magical formulas or inscriptions for themselves, this book is a must!
Arranged alphabetically, each entry consists of the transliteration of the word, the word in hieroglyphs, the meaning in English, and often, a literary or other textual source where the word can be found. The entries in the 915-page main dictionary include all the gods and goddesses as well as other mythological beings, the principle kings of Egypt, and geographical names. Professor Budge also gives in the beginning a full list of the most frequently used hieroglyphic characters arranged, after the manner of printers' Egyptian-type catalogues, by pictorial similarity (men, women, gods and goddesses, parts of the body, animals, birds, reptiles, fish, insects, plants, sacred vessels, weapons, measures, etc.) with phonetic values and meanings when used as determinatives and ideographs. Reference alphabets or syllabaries for Coptic, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic, Amharic and Persian cuneiform are also here.
The secondary aids are quite extensive (over 550 pages worth) and most useful. In the second volume, there's an index of English words with 60,000 entries. This forms an extremely handy English-Egyptian glossary. Also included in this volume are hieroglyphic lists of royal and geographical names (with separate indexes to these lists), and indexes of Coptic and non-Egyptian words quoted in the dictionary itself (with a separate section for non-Egyptian geographical names).
The long, scholarly and informative introduction outlines the history of the decipherment in Europe of Egyptian hieroglyphs and lexicography (citing such pioneers as Akerblad, Young, Champollion le Jeune, Birch, Lepsius, Brugsch, Chabas, Goodwin E. de Rougé, and others), explains the principles of the present work, and offers a full bibliography. Everything you need to study hieroglyphs is in these two volumes.